Mycorrhizae are a type of fungi which form a mutialistic relationship with the roots of most plant species. Such symbiosis was first evolved ~400 million years ago, possibly helping the earliest terrestrial plants to take up nutrients in the absence of complex vascular root system. The driving force behind AM interactions is an exchange of nutrients between fungus and plant. The fungus provides nutritional benefits to the plant by delivering minerals, including the biologically essential nutrients like Phosphorous (P) and Nitrogen (N). Phosphate acquisition via the mycorrhizal pathway begins with the uptake of free phosphate from soil by fungal extra-radical hyphae. These fungal hyphae extend beyond the host root system, allowing a greater soil volume to be exploited for phosphate uptake. The occurrence Glomus species was more in soil samples ranging from 23% to 88% (SS4-SS5) whereas Acaulospora species was more in soil samples ranging from 11% to 77% (SS4-SS5) along with Scutellospora species measured in soil samples ranged from 9% to 77% (SS1-SS6).

Dasamula, an herbal drug formulation consisting of roots of 10 plants, is used widely for the treatment of various diseases but no reliable procedure is available to identify the presence of different prescribed plant material in the drug. Adulteration is rampant in the process of drug preparation. Molecular taxonomy is a reliable and easier way to identify any dried and processed medicinal plants and its adulterants from medicine by using DNA markers. Six out of ten plants of Dasamula i.e. Desmodium giganicum, Aegle marmelos, Solanum xanthocarpum, Solanum indicum, Tribulus terresteris, Oroxylum indicum plants have been studied to establish their identification using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of these plants were PCR amplified by using primers ITS1 (F) and ITS4(R). The size of ITS region varied from 650 bp to 850 bp. RFLP was carried out by restriction digestion of amplified ITS region using BamHI, HindIII, MspI, MboI, EcoRI, EcoRV, HinfI, AluI. RFLP showed species-specific variation in the number and size of digested DNA fragments. MspI and EcoRV proved to be the best enzymes as it could generate unique pattern for all the six plants. Variations in the ITS region among the species can be used for conclusive identification of these plant species.

Obesity is a vexatious problem as it opens the door to so many other diseases. Present research work was aimed towards the best management of obesity. Randomized single blind trial was carried out in 60 obese patients of age group 18 to 60 years. Patients were divided into two groups; 30 patients (Group A) were given Guduchyadi yoga and 30 patients (Group B) were posted for Udvartana with dry powder of Haritaki along with the same Guduchyadi yoga used in Group A. It was found that in Group A, weight reduced from 83.12 ± 10.6 to 80.43 ± 10.53 kg. Whereas in Group B, weight reduced from 82.17±10.63 to 77.67±10.24 kg. Similarly in Group A, circumference of abdomen was reduced from 107.4 ± 10 to 105 ± 10.07 cm. Whereas in Group B, it reduced from 103.8 ± 9.192 to 99.23 ± 9 cm. Both Groups have shown significant results at P < 0.001. Results of Group B were better than those in group A. Thus it can be concluded that in the management of obesity, Guduchyadi yoga along with Udvartan was better as compared to the use of Guduchyadi yoga alone.

A novel stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of erdosteine in bulk drugs and in pharmaceutical dosage form. An isocratic, reversed phase HPLC method was developed to separate the drug from the degradation products, using an Ace5-C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 µm) advance chromatography column, and 10 mmol L-1 acetonitrile and Phosphate Buffer (35:65 v/v) as a mobile phase. The detection was carried out at a wavelength of 236 nm. The Erdosteine was subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis (acid, base), oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation. Degradation was observed for erdosteine in base, in acid and in 30% H2O2. The drug was found to be stable in the other stress conditions attempted. The degradation products were well resolved from the main peak. The percentage recovery of erdosteine was from (99.78 – 101.25 %.) in the pharmaceutical dosage form. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy (recovery), precision, system suitability, specificity and robustness. The forced degradation studies prove the stability indicating power of the method.

The aim of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Cordia dichotoma Forst on selected urinary tract pathogens. Cordia dichotoma Forst commonly known as Indian cherry belonging to family Boraginaceae is medium sized tree with a short bole and spreading crown. Antibacterial activity of petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts against urinary tract pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris using disc diffusion technique was evaluated. The results of this study showed that the methanol extract exhibited better anti-bacterial activity against the bacterial species tested as compared to other extracts. An effort has been made to compare the activity of extracts with standard antibiotics against selected urinary tract pathogens.

Pyrazole is five membered heterocyclic rings which is versatile lead compound for designing potent bioactive agent. The interesting groups of this compound has diverse biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antioxidant and herbicidal. Given data represents that pyrazole being heterocyclic planar five membered rings have various pharmacological actions. These derivatives of pyrazzole are analyzed here for pharmacological activities.